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Quercus palmeri
''Quercus palmeri'' is a species of oak known by the common name Palmer oak, or Palmer's oak. It is native to California, Baja California, New Mexico, and in Arizona through the transition zone to the eastern Mogollon Rim, where it grows in canyons, mountain slopes, washes, and other dry habitat types.〔(Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map )〕〔〔(SEINet, Southwestern Biodiversity, Arizona chapter )〕
==Description==
''Quercus palmeri'' is a shrub or small tree growing up to 3 meters (10 feet) tall, but known to reach 6 meters (20 feet) at times. It branches into angular twigs and is reddish brown. The leaves are 1 to 3 centimeters (0.4-1.2 inches) in length. They are stiff, leathery, and brittle, their edges wavy with sharp spine-teeth. The upper surface is shiny, waxy, and olive green in color, the lower gray-green and coated with glandular hairs. The fruit is an acorn with a hairy cap up to 2.5 centimeters (1 inch) wide and a blunt-ended nut 2 to 3 centimeters (0.8-1.2 inches) long.〔
''Quercus palmeri'' usually grows in small populations, some of which are actually cloned growths of a single plant.〔(Flora of North America, ''Quercus palmeri'' ); (RangeMap )〕 One such clone in the Jurupa Mountains in Riverside County, California, named the Jurupa Oak, was determined to be over 13,000 years old, a single individual living as a relict from the Pleistocene.〔May, M. R., et al. (2009). (Pleistocene clone of ''Quercus palmeri'' Engelm. ) ''PLoS ONE''〕 It is therefore one of the oldest living plants in the world.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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